Which component of the anode assembly is placed outside the vacuum of the envelope?

The stator is the component of the anode assembly that is located outside the vacuum of the envelope. The stator consists of a series of electromagnets that are used to spin the rotor, which in turn is attached to the anode disk. By placing the stator outside the vacuum, it operates effectively without being exposed to the high temperatures and potential damage associated with the high-energy environment inside the X-ray tube. This design allows the rotor to generate the necessary centrifugal force to rotate the anode disk at high speeds, which is crucial for efficient X-ray production and heat dispersion.

In contrast, the rotor and the anode disk both operate within the vacuum of the envelope to maintain the necessary conditions for X-ray production and to prevent oxidation or contamination. The cathode is also located inside the envelope and is responsible for producing the electrons that contribute to X-ray generation when they collide with the anode disk. This distinction helps illustrate the importance of the stator’s position in relation to the overall functioning and safety of the X-ray system.